A SPICE Model for IGBTs and Power MOSFETs Focusing on EMI/EMC in High-Voltage Systems

We describe two models of Power Transistors (IGBT, MOSFET); both were successfully used for the analysis of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) while modeling high-voltage systems (PFC, DC/DC, inverter, etc.). The first semi-mathematical–behavioral insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) model introduces nonlinear negative feedback generated in the semiconductor’s p+ and n+ layers, which are located near the metal contact of the IGBT emitter, to better describe the dynamic characteristics of the transistor. A simplified model of the metal–oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) in the IGBT is used to simplify this IGBT model. The second simpler behavioral model could be used to model both IGBTs and MOSFETs. Model parameters are obtained from datasheets and then adjusted using results from a single measurement test. Modeling results are compared with measured turn-on and turn-off waveforms for different types of IGBTs. To check the validation of the models, a brushless DC electric motor test setup with an inverter was created. Despite the simplicity of the presented models, a comparison of model predictions with hardware measurements revealed that the model accurately forecasted switch transients and aided EMI–EMC investigations

FDTD Modelling of Nonlinear Spark in Electrostatic Discharge

An accurate numerical method for calculating nonlinear electrostatic discharges is presented. The method represents an improvement over the FDTD scheme in that it includes the arc model of Rompe and Weizel. Numerical results that demonstrate the validity and accuracy of the model are presented

Calculation of Pulse Propagation in Coaxial Cables with Multi-layered Insulation System

In this paper a simple and efficient method for the calculation of multi-layered coaxial cables is proposed. The parameters of an equivalent transmission line are calculated. These calculations are compared with FDTD results and measurements, and show a good agreement. The developed approach is especially suitable for fast and easy calculation of the propagation characteristics of multi-layered coaxial cables with high permittivity and conductivity, where other methods are less efficient

Efficient FDTD Simulation of Fields in Coaxial Cables with Multi-Layered Insulation Partially Formed by Dispersive Layers of Extremely High Permittivity

An efficient and accurate FDTD simulation technique for investigation of field propagation in multi-layered coaxial cables has been developed. This technique combines a uniform FDTD scheme with the piecewise linear recursive convolution method, which is applied for the treatment of fields in dispersive layers, having extremely high permittivity. The method has been developed and tested for a radial symmetric cylindrical system and is intended for future use in 3D applications

Analyse der verschiedenen Konstellationen in CISPR 25 Aufbau für die abgestrahlte Störaussendungsmessung von 150 kHz bis 30 MHz

In modernen Fahrzeugen ist die Zahl der Steuergeräte, Sensoren und Aktuatoren erheblich gestiegen. Jede Komponente soll aus EMV-Sicht geprüft und freigegeben werden. Die Messung der gestrahlten Störausendung auf Komponentenebene soll nach CISPR 25 durchgeführt werden. In der Entwicklungsphase kann die Störemission mit Hilfe der 3D-Feldsimulation geprüft werden. Somit können EMV-Probleme schon frühzeitig festgestellt und Maßnahmen dafür entwickelt werden. Um die Entwicklungsphase zu beschleunigen, kann mit Hilfe eines virtuellen CISPR 25 Messaufbau-Modells die abgestrahlte Störaussendung einer neu entwickelten Komponente basierend auf einem Ersatzschaltbild bewertet werden. Im ersten Abschnitt dieses Beitrages wird ein Schaltungsmodell für einen CISPR 25 Messaufbau vorgestellt und durch ein entsprechendes 3D-Modell sowie Messung validiert. Anschließend werden die Einflussparameter des Messaufbaus untersucht und die optimale Konstellation für die CISPR 25 Messung der abgestrahlten Störaussendung ermittelt

DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF AN ENHANCED MOM SCHEME WITH INTEGRATED GENERALIZED N-PORT NETWORKS

Abstract—This paper proposes an enhanced MoM scheme to integrate arbitrary N-port networks into geometry models. This scheme is based on the incorporation of network equations into the standard MoM scheme. The suggested scheme is validated by comparison of the characteristics of a linear amplifier with those obtained by PSPICE. A general application of the enhanced MoM scheme is to handle complicated antenna or EMC problems including various types of network devices. Its potential to handle antenna-amplifier systems, automotive or other EMC problems is outlined. 1